diff --git a/cmd/api/errors.go b/cmd/api/errors.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bd3c52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/api/errors.go
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+// The logError() method is a generic helper for logging an error message along with the current request method and URL as attributes in the log entry.
+func (app *application) logError(r *http.Request, err error) {
+	var (
+		method = r.Method
+		uri    = r.URL.RequestURI()
+	)
+
+	app.logger.Error(err.Error(), "method", method, "url", uri)
+}
+
+// The errorResponse() method is a generic helper for sending JSON-formatted error messages to the client with a given status code. Note that we're using the "any" type for the message parameter, rather than just a string type, as this gives us more flexibility over the values that we can include in the response.
+func (app *application) errorResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, status int, message any) {
+	env := envelope{"error": message}
+
+	// Write the response using the writeJSON() helper. If this happens to return an error then og it, and fall back to sending the client an empty response with a 500 Internal Server Error status code.
+	err := app.writeJSON(w, status, env, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		app.logError(r, err)
+		w.WriteHeader(500)
+	}
+}
+
+// The serverErrorResponse() method will be used when our application encounters an unexpected problem at runtime. It logs the detailed error message, then uses the errorResponse() helper to send a 500 Internal Server Error status code and JSON response (containing a generic error message) to the client.
+func (app *application) serverErrorResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, err error) {
+	app.logError(r, err)
+
+	message := "the server encountered a problem and could not process your request"
+	app.errorResponse(w, r, http.StatusInternalServerError, message)
+}
+
+// The notFoundResponse() method will be used to send a 404 Not Found status code and JSON response to the client.
+func (app *application) notFoundResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	message := "the requested resource could not be found"
+	app.errorResponse(w, r, http.StatusNotFound, message)
+}
+
+// The methodNotAllowedResponse() method will be used to send a 405 Method Not Allowed status code and JSON response to the client.
+func (app *application) methodNotAllowedResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	message := fmt.Sprintf("the %s method is not supported for this resource", r.Method)
+	app.errorResponse(w, r, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, message)
+}
diff --git a/internal/data/movies.go b/internal/data/movies.go
index 06f6b11..fb3f559 100644
--- a/internal/data/movies.go
+++ b/internal/data/movies.go
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ type Movie struct {
 	/*
 		Use the Runtime type instead of int32. Note that the omitempty directive will still work on this: if the Runtime field has the underlying value 0, then it will be considered empty and omitted -- and the MarshalJSON() method we just made won't be called at all.
 	*/
-	Runtime Runtime  `json:"runtime,omitempty,string"`
+	Runtime Runtime  `json:"runtime,omitempty"`
 	Genres  []string `json:"genres,omitempty"`
 	Version int32    `json:"version"`
 }